At the opening plenary of the United Nations Climate Change Conference (CoP30) in Belém, Brazil, India reaffirmed its commitment to equity, climate justice, and multilateralism. Representing both the BASIC (Brazil, South Africa, India, and China) group and the Like-Minded Developing Countries (LMDC), India emphasized that global climate action must be guided by fairness and shared responsibilities.
India underscored the importance of the principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC), calling for the full implementation of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, its Kyoto Protocol, and the Paris Agreement. The Indian delegation expressed strong support for international cooperation amid global geopolitical challenges and appreciated Brazil’s leadership in hosting the summit.
Marking ten years since the Paris Agreement, India highlighted climate finance as the biggest barrier to greater ambition. It urged developed nations to define climate finance clearly, scale up public funding for adaptation, and meet their legal obligations under Article 9.1 of the Paris Agreement. India noted that adaptation finance must increase fifteen-fold to meet global needs and called for progress on the Global Goal on Adaptation through the UAE–Belém Work Programme and Baku Adaptation Roadmap.
Stressing the need for equitable access to climate technologies, India said intellectual property rights should not hinder technology transfer. It also called for a people-centric and just transition framework to bridge the development gap between the Global North and South.
India warned against unilateral climate-related trade measures that could turn into protectionist tools. Reaffirming CBDR-RC as the cornerstone of global climate efforts, India urged developed countries to reach net-zero earlier and fulfill commitments on finance, technology, and capacity building.
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